Oslo's cancer leap

A quantum leap in cancer vaccines?

Vaccination, namely the controlled activation of antigenspecific immune cells, is a first and critical step toward engendering protective immunity against cancer. A large number of vaccination strategies developed to date, from simple to complex, have shown but limited efficacy. In a recent article in Nature, Kranz and colleagues describe what appears to be a remarkably effective and relatively...

targeting cancer stem cells, the major leap toward a cure

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Immunotherapy in Cancer: Incremental Gain or a Quantum Leap?

The Grand Leap

Causation, Prediction, and Search by Spirtes, Glymour, and Scheines (SGS) is an ambitious book. SGS claim to have methods for discovering causal relations based only on empirical data, with no need for subjectmatter knowledge. These methods—which combine graph theory, statistics and computer science—are said to allow quick, virtually automated, conversion of association to causation. The algori...

On leap Zagreb indices of graphs

The first and second Zagreb indices of a graph are equal, respectively, to the sum of squares of the vertex degrees, and the sum of the products of the degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices. We now consider analogous graph invariants, based on the second degrees of vertices (number of their second neighbors), called leap Zagreb indices. A number of their basic properties is established.